StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Brainscapes Resolution Template - Case Study Example

Cite this document
Summary
Sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to assess the metabolic changes that ensue from loss of cell ion homeostasis due to cell death in the…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER94.2% of users find it useful
Brainscapes Case Resolution Template
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Brainscapes Resolution Template"

No: CASE STUDIES IN HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY This case study focuses on the relative concentrations of sodium (Na+) in the hippocampus(associated with memory) detectable using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) — which usually is based on the magnetic behavior of hydrogen ions (H+) from water in the tissues. Why is thisapproach relevant or useful to understanding the loss of function in neurons.?There are many documented studies that have employed the use of sodium imaging to detect cell death and cell viability.

Sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to assess the metabolic changes that ensue from loss of cell ion homeostasis due to cell death in the brain. Alzheimers disease(AD) is characterized by neural cell death thus the concentrations of sodium in the hippocampus (which is the most affected part of the brain in AD) might be an indicator of the presence of AD as well as the extent of disease.2) How does the change in the sodium concentration detected from MRI of the hippocampus suggest that the neurons in the hippocampus became diseased and were not functioning properly?

What sort of a change in the Na+ concentration gradient would you expect when neurons are damaged or malfunctioning? In a normal brain tissue, the large intracellularcompartment maintains a low sodium concentration( ~10mmol/l) against a high sodium concentration in the extracellular compartment(~140mmol/l) After the death of neural cells,the intracellular space of a cell shrinks and the extracellular space increases. The larger concentration of sodium in the extracellular space yields a larger sodium signal intensity.

3 In addition to the information in the case presentation (including the web sites contained in the case itself, what other information did you find to determine whether the differences in Na+ concentrations in hippocampal cells could be related to changes in memory function? Where did you find this information?There is considerable evidence to suggest that the hippocampus and the related medio-temporal lobe structures of the human brain are crucial for the encoding and storage of information in long term memory4) What does each of these additional items contribute to the solution of the case?

For example, the item contains data from specific tests, trials, or experiments, or presents analyses that canbe used to understand the main issues in this case.The initial studies have established that the loss of memory experienced in alzheimers disease means the hippocampus has been affected either by cell degeneration or cell death.The Thulborn study has provided evidence for the changes in sodium concentration upon death of neural cells. These have enabled the use of sodium magnetic resonance imaging to determine the sodium levels in hippocampus to test for the presence or extent of AD.5) What other findings or information in this case are consistent with the information you located?

Sodium magnetic resonance imaging has been found to be sensitive to cell death and viability. Studies have used this method in testing investigating brain tumors and cerebral infarction6) What findings or information are inconclusive or in conflict with the information in 2? There may be situations where the sodium content may increase in cells that are not dead or degenerated thus giving a false interpretation of the results. Increased sodium in the tissue could be caused by direct leakage of sodium because of amyloid beta channels in membranes or by the impairment of the Na/K ATPase channels7) If your proposed resolution of the case is correct, what other observations might we expect to find in this case?

Reduction in volume of the hippocampus as well as reduction in the volume of the cortex of the brain as a whole Decreased blood supply to the brain 8) Give your solution to this case and, on a scale of 1–5, rate how confident you are in yourconclusions in questions 1 and 2.The results of this case are consistent with those from similar studies exploring the use of sodium MRIs in exploring cell death and viability. The differences in the sodium concentrations observed between the cases and the controls was of significant (p value

Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Brainscapes Case Resolution Template Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words”, n.d.)
Brainscapes Case Resolution Template Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/biology/1621172-brainscapes-case-resolution-template
(Brainscapes Case Resolution Template Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 Words)
Brainscapes Case Resolution Template Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 Words. https://studentshare.org/biology/1621172-brainscapes-case-resolution-template.
“Brainscapes Case Resolution Template Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 Words”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/biology/1621172-brainscapes-case-resolution-template.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Brainscapes Case Resolution Template

Devolution in Belgium

This paper "Devolution in Belgium" discusses the process of devolution and federalization in Belgium has been quite distinctive from the rest of the world.... The country transformed from a unitary government to a system of government where different groups have been provided their power.... hellip;  The split was driven by underdevelopment in some regions as well as the existence of minorities in certain regions....
7 Pages (1750 words) Case Study

Temperate Climate of New Zealand

The following paper entitled 'Temperate Climate of New Zealand' presents New Zealand which lies in the Southern hemisphere which heightens the dangers from the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun.... In addition, the people of the country are fair-skinned.... hellip; Even though the region has a temperate climate, the UV levels are high....
8 Pages (2000 words) Case Study

Histology Detective Case Resolution Template

Histology Detective case resolution TemplateQuestion 1Breast cancer cells are identified in the sample of lung tissue.... tmQuestion 4These items provide evidence based proofs that are essential in understanding the case study.... This essay discusses that it is evident that not all cancer cells have the capabilities to survive the passage to a new area of the body (metastasis)....
2 Pages (500 words) Case Study

World Wrestling Entertainment

In the year 1999, Vince McMahon, the president and chief executive of WWE, launched case Study Management; World Wrestling Entertainment World Wrestling Entertainment, popularly known as WWE, is a sports entertainment company that focuses on providing premium sport entertainment through various mediums including television programs and other online media platforms....
2 Pages (500 words) Case Study

Illustrative Template for National Growth

The author of the "The Illustrative template for National Growth of the China" paper identifies and discusses the likely impact of the growing economic power of the Peoples Republic of China on the foreign policies of one or more other Asian countries.... hellip; The dynamics of broadened trade agreements lies in the creation of a stable border system, especially surrounding the India-China relationship....
6 Pages (1500 words) Case Study

Conflict Resolution at General Hospital

The case study “Conflict resolution at General Hospital” is related to the General Hospital that has been at a declining stage because of the increasing costs.... hellip; The case study is all about the General Hospital that has been facing problems and the performance of the organization has been declining.... In case of accommodating the individual tends to gratify the problems of the other people whilst sacrificing his personal concerns....
5 Pages (1250 words) Case Study

How to Create a Website

… The paper "How to Create a Website" is a great example of a case study on logic and programming.... The paper "How to Create a Website" is a great example of a case study on logic and programming.... Technically, a website an outside world window and for business practice, it may perhaps be the primary contact point for a potential novel user and will consequently offer them their foremost intuition....
8 Pages (2000 words) Case Study

Conflict Resolution Approaches and the Subsequent Process

The conflict taking place in this paper "Conflict resolution Approaches and the Subsequent Process" came about due to the construction of a mosque near a residential area.... Mediation is among the conflict resolution approaches where participation is mostly voluntary and confidential.... In this approach, a mediator who acts as an impartial third party is involved in the resolution process and helps the conflicting parties to come to an agreement....
9 Pages (2250 words) Case Study
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us